GenogramAI
Medical Genogram Example

Medical Family Genogram Example

Track hereditary conditions across three generations using medical quadrant notation. The Williams family genogram shows how heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and depression patterns are identified for genetic risk assessment.

About This Example

A medical genogram (sometimes called a health genogram or genetic pedigree) is a specialized version of the family genogram that focuses on tracking health conditions and causes of death across generations. It is a critical tool in genetic counseling, primary care, oncology, and cardiology for assessing hereditary risk.

The Williams family genogram uses medical quadrant notation, where each person's symbol is divided into four sections representing different condition categories. A filled quadrant indicates the person has or had that condition. This allows clinicians to scan the genogram and immediately identify which conditions cluster in the family and which generation-three members are at elevated risk.

Medical Quadrant Legend

Upper Left

Heart Disease / Cardiovascular

Upper Right

Diabetes / Metabolic

Lower Left

Cancer

Lower Right

Mental Health

Each person's genogram symbol is divided into four quadrants. A filled (shaded) quadrant indicates the person has or had the corresponding condition category.

The Williams Family Medical History

Three generations of the Williams family showing hereditary conditions, age of onset, and causes of death for comprehensive genetic risk assessment.

Generation 1: Grandparents

George Williams

Deceased at 68

Heart disease (MI at 62)
Hypertension (onset age 45)
Type 2 diabetes (onset age 55)

Cause of death: Myocardial infarction (heart attack)

Eleanor Williams

Age 82

Breast cancer (diagnosed age 58, survived)
Hypertension (onset age 60)
Depression (chronic)

Frank Torres

Deceased at 75

Type 2 diabetes (onset age 50)
Stroke at age 73

Cause of death: Ischemic stroke

Margaret Torres

Age 79

Osteoporosis
Anxiety

Generation 2: Parents

Richard Williams

Age 52

Hypertension (onset age 42)
High cholesterol
Pre-diabetic

Patricia Williams nee Torres

Age 49

Depression (onset age 30)
Anxiety

Thomas Williams

Age 48

Type 2 diabetes (onset age 40)
Hypertension

Carol Williams nee Adams

Age 46

Breast cancer (diagnosed age 44)
Depression

Generation 3: Children

Sarah Williams

Age 24

Depression (onset age 19)
Anxiety

James Williams

Age 21

No current conditions
At risk: heart disease, diabetes, hypertension

Anna Williams

Age 18

No current conditions
At risk: breast cancer, depression

Mark Williams

Age 15

ADHD
At risk: diabetes, hypertension

Key Genogram Features Demonstrated

Cardiovascular Pattern

Heart disease and hypertension appear in George (Gen 1), both his sons Richard and Thomas (Gen 2). James and Mark (Gen 3) are at elevated cardiovascular risk based on paternal lineage.

Diabetes Clustering

Type 2 diabetes appears in both the Williams line (George) and the Torres line (Frank), with Thomas developing it at age 40. Richard is pre-diabetic, suggesting progression. Both paternal grandfathers had diabetes.

Cancer Risk Assessment

Breast cancer appears in Eleanor (Gen 1, age 58) and Carol (Gen 2, age 44). The younger onset in Carol raises concern for a hereditary breast cancer gene. Anna (Gen 3) should be flagged for early screening.

Mental Health Transmission

Depression appears in Eleanor (Gen 1), both Patricia and Carol (Gen 2), and Sarah (Gen 3). This three-generation pattern strongly suggests both genetic and environmental transmission of depressive disorders.

Age of Onset Tracking

Noting age of onset reveals anticipation patterns: George developed hypertension at 45, Richard at 42. Earlier onset in successive generations is a red flag for genetic counselors.

Cause of Death Documentation

George's death from MI at 68 and Frank's death from stroke at 75 provide critical risk data. These cardiovascular-related deaths establish family predisposition for the younger generations.

Clinical Analysis: Hereditary Risk Assessment

Cardiovascular Risk Profile

The Williams family shows a strong paternal cardiovascular pattern. George died of a heart attack at 68 with hypertension onset at 45. Both sons, Richard and Thomas, have developed hypertension by their 40s. Richard's pre-diabetic status adds metabolic syndrome risk. James (age 21) and Mark (age 15) should begin cardiovascular screening earlier than the general population. Lifestyle modification counseling should be initiated now, as the genogram demonstrates that disease onset is trending younger in each generation.

Hereditary Breast Cancer Concern

Breast cancer in Eleanor (diagnosed at 58) and Carol (diagnosed at 44) raises the possibility of a hereditary breast cancer mutation such as BRCA1 or BRCA2. Carol's earlier onset is clinically significant. According to NCCN guidelines, a first-degree relative diagnosed before age 50 warrants genetic testing referral. Anna (age 18) should be referred for genetic counseling to discuss testing options and enhanced screening protocols. The genogram makes this two-generation pattern immediately visible to any reviewing clinician.

Depression Across Three Generations

The three-generation depression pattern (Eleanor, Patricia, Carol, Sarah) is one of the clearest multigenerational transmissions visible on this genogram. Research shows that having a first-degree relative with major depression increases risk 2-3x. Sarah's onset at age 19 during college is consistent with hereditary major depressive disorder. The genogram helps Sarah's treatment provider understand her condition as part of a family pattern rather than an isolated episode, which informs treatment planning and psychoeducation.

Combined Risk: The Comorbidity Picture

The Williams family genogram demonstrates how multiple hereditary conditions often cluster together. Richard carries risk factors from both sides: cardiovascular disease from George, diabetes risk from both George and Frank (Torres line), and depression exposure from Eleanor. This comorbidity picture highlights why medical genograms are more informative than tracking individual conditions in isolation. A single genogram reveals the interconnected web of hereditary vulnerabilities that no standard intake form could capture.

How to Create This Genogram

1

Define the Legend

Choose 4 condition categories and assign each to a quadrant with a color code.

2

Map Three Generations

Place family members across three generations with standard genogram structure.

3

Fill Quadrants

Shade the appropriate quadrants for each person's conditions and note age of onset.

4

Identify At-Risk Members

Highlight generation-three members who carry elevated risk based on the patterns observed.

Create a Medical Genogram

Free to use. No account required.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are medical quadrants on a genogram?
Medical quadrants divide each person's genogram symbol (square or circle) into four sections, with each quadrant representing a different medical condition. For example, the upper-left quadrant might represent heart disease, upper-right for diabetes, lower-left for cancer, and lower-right for mental health conditions. A filled-in (shaded) quadrant indicates the person has or had that condition. This system allows clinicians to quickly spot hereditary patterns across generations.
How is a medical genogram different from a regular genogram?
A medical genogram focuses specifically on health conditions and causes of death rather than emotional relationships. While it still maps family structure (marriages, children, siblings), the primary data layer is medical: hereditary conditions, age of onset, cause of death, and genetic risk factors. Medical genograms are used by genetic counselors, primary care physicians, and oncologists to assess hereditary risk.
What conditions should be tracked on a medical genogram?
A medical genogram should track conditions with known hereditary components: heart disease, cancer (especially breast, colon, and ovarian), diabetes (Type 1 and Type 2), hypertension, stroke, mental health conditions (depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia), autoimmune diseases, substance use disorders, and any rare genetic conditions. Age of onset and cause of death are also critical data points.
How do genetic counselors use medical genograms?
Genetic counselors use medical genograms to assess a patient's hereditary risk for conditions like cancer, heart disease, and genetic disorders. By mapping conditions across at least three generations, they can identify patterns that suggest genetic predisposition. This information guides decisions about genetic testing, screening frequency, and preventive interventions. A medical genogram is often the first step in a genetic counseling session.
Can I create a medical genogram with GenogramAI?
Yes. GenogramAI supports medical genograms with condition tracking, color coding, and quadrant notation. Describe your family's medical history and our AI will generate a genogram with proper medical annotations. You can add conditions, mark causes of death, and customize the color legend before exporting it for your healthcare provider or personal records.

Medical disclaimer: This genogram example is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. The Williams family is a fictional case study designed to illustrate medical genogram notation and hereditary pattern analysis. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider or genetic counselor for personalized medical risk assessment.

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