PTSD and Trauma Transmission
A three-generation genogram illustrating intergenerational trauma transmission from a Vietnam War veteran through domestic violence, complex PTSD.
Interactive PTSD and Trauma Transmission
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About This Genogram
A three-generation genogram illustrating intergenerational trauma transmission from a Vietnam War veteran through domestic violence, complex PTSD, and hypervigilance. Demonstrates how unresolved trauma propagates through family systems via abuse, emotional neglect, and maladaptive coping.
How to Read This Genogram
Clinicians typically introduce this type of genogram during an intake assessment to build a three-generation picture of the family before treatment planning begins. The map helps the therapist apply Bowen Family Systems Theory by locating triangles, differentiation levels, and the emotional processes that link presenting symptoms to earlier family patterns. Squares represent male family members, circles represent female family members, horizontal lines connect couples, and vertical lines descend to their children. Dates near symbols mark births, marriages, separations, and deaths, giving the reader a timeline of key family transitions.
Multigenerational transmission patterns become visible when you trace the same relational or behavioral theme across two or more generations. A therapist reading this genogram looks for repetitions in relationship roles, anxiety management strategies, and symptom locations that span grandparents, parents, and the current generation. Identifying those threads allows the clinician to distinguish what belongs to the individual from what was absorbed from the family system, which is often the first step toward lasting change in family or individual therapy.
Key Patterns in This Genogram
Multigenerational Transmission
How conditions and behaviors are passed across generations through family dynamics.
Emotional Relationships
Patterns of enmeshment, cutoff, conflict, and closeness between family members.
Family System Dynamics
How the family operates as a system with roles, boundaries, and recurring patterns.
Clinical Analysis
This 3-generation genogram maps 11 family members with birth years spanning from 1942 to 2003, comprising 5 males and 6 females (1 deceased). The genogram tracks 5 medical/psychological condition categories and 6 emotional relationship types across 7 documented dyads. The index patient is Tyler Hawkins (b. 2000), community college student / part-time retail.
The family system encompasses 3 generations with distinct patterns at each level. The oldest generation includes Gerald, Lorraine, Henry and 1 other, with 2 presenting documented conditions. The middle generation includes Mark, Sandra, Lisa and 1 other, with 4 presenting documented conditions. The youngest generation includes Tyler, Amber, Jennifer, with 2 presenting documented conditions.
Emotional relationship mapping reveals 1 abusive relationship, 1 abuse_physical relationship, 1 estranged relationship, 2 distant relationships, 1 close relationship, 1 conflictual relationship. Specific patterns include a abusive relationship between Gerald and Lorraine, a abuse_physical relationship between Gerald and Derek, a estranged relationship between Derek and Mark. Conflictual patterns highlight areas of tension that may benefit from therapeutic intervention and improved communication strategies.
Medical and psychological conditions are documented in 8 of 11 family members (73%). Trauma-related conditions appear in 7 members (Gerald, Lorraine, Mark...), affecting 3 females and 4 males. Anxiety-spectrum conditions appear in 3 members (Sandra, Lisa, Tyler), affecting 2 females and 1 male. Substance appear in 2 members (Gerald, Derek). Comorbidity is observed in 7 family members, with Gerald presenting 2 concurrent condition categories. The multigenerational prevalence of trauma-related conditions suggests both genetic predisposition and possible environmental or behavioral transmission pathways.
From a clinical perspective, this genogram offers rich material for therapeutic exploration. The presenting concerns of Tyler Hawkins can be contextualized within 3 generations of family patterns. Bowen family systems theory would note the intergenerational transmission of both symptomatic presentations and relational patterns. This case is particularly suited for exploring differentiation of self, family projection processes, and the way anxiety moves through the family emotional system.
Build a Similar Genogram
A practitioner documenting a family similar to this one would typically record three generations of household composition, significant life events such as births, deaths, marriages, and separations, any relevant medical or mental health history, and the quality of key relationships between members. That information comes from a combination of the client's verbal account, intake questionnaires, and, where available, collateral records. The completed diagram captures both the factual structure of the family and the practitioner's clinical observations about relational patterns, making it a reference that can be shared across disciplines or reviewed at future stages of treatment.
GenogramAI's AI genogram generator allows you to build a diagram like this one from a plain-language description of the family. You type or paste a narrative, such as the basic structure and any key relationships or health history you want to include, and the AI parses that text, places the correct symbols, draws the appropriate relationship lines, and arranges the layout automatically. The result is a fully editable diagram that you can refine, annotate, and export for clinical records or educational use. Try the AI genogram creator to generate your own genogram from a text description in seconds.
Genogram Symbols Used in This Example
The following standard genogram symbols appear in the PTSD and Trauma Transmission. Each symbol follows McGoldrick and Gerson clinical notation conventions.
Person Symbols
- Male (Square)
- A square represents a male family member in standard genogram notation.
- Female (Circle)
- A circle represents a female family member in standard genogram notation.
Status Markers
- Deceased (X)
- An X drawn through the symbol indicates the person is deceased.
- Index Patient (Arrow)
- An arrow pointing to a person identifies them as the index patient — the individual who is the focus of the clinical assessment.
Structural Relationships
- Marriage
- A solid horizontal line connecting two individuals represents a marriage or committed partnership.
- Divorce
- A marriage line with two diagonal slashes indicates divorce or legal separation.
- Parent-Child
- A vertical line descending from a couple line to a child symbol represents a parent-child relationship.
Emotional Relationships
- Close
- Two parallel lines between individuals represent an emotionally close relationship.
- Distant
- A dotted line represents an emotionally distant or disengaged relationship.
- Conflict
- A zigzag line between individuals represents an openly conflictual relationship.
- Abuse/Violence
- A zigzag line with a directional arrow and bold marks indicates physical abuse or domestic violence.
Medical Conditions
- Anxiety Conditions
- Shading in the genogram symbol indicates anxiety-spectrum diagnoses (GAD, panic disorder, phobias, OCD).
- Depressive Disorders
- Shading indicates depressive conditions (major depression, dysthymia, bipolar disorder).
- Mental Health Conditions
- Shading indicates psychological or psychiatric conditions beyond anxiety and depression.
- Trauma/PTSD
- Shading indicates post-traumatic stress disorder or complex trauma responses.
Related Resources
- Learn more about how genograms in family therapy sessions use multigenerational mapping like this example.
- This example illustrates concepts from Bowen family systems theory including intergenerational transmission.
- Explore how attachment theory genograms map relational bonds across generations.
- The violence relationship symbol denotes abuse or domestic violence in this family.
- The distant relationship symbol in this genogram indicates emotional disengagement.
Frequently Asked Questions
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Create Your Own Genogram
Use GenogramAI to build your own family genogram with AI assistance. Describe your family and let AI do the rest.
Educational disclaimer: This genogram example is an educational illustration of genogram notation and family systems concepts. Examples based on public figures use publicly available information. They are not clinical documents. All examples are intended for learning genogram symbols and patterns.